👷‍♂️Stake Mining

WABA's PoC consists of two main components:

1. Staking Weight Composition:

To become an PoC validator, nodes first need to stake WABA tokens. Additionally, they must collect authorizations from algorithm validators. Each algorithm validator, associated with a DePIN device, can authorize up to one PoC validator at most. Let's set PoC validator $v_i (i=0,1,\cdots)$, total of WABA staked is $s_i$，receiving $d_i$ amount Algorithm validator authorization ，thus $v_j$ is the probability of a block generation (also known as staking weight) is represented as：

$$s_j \cdot d_j /(\sum_i s_i\cdot d_i)$$

1. The consensus mechanism

WABA adopts the Narwhal& Bullshark consensus algorithm based on Sui, which constrains and incentivizes PoC validators to govern the WABA network collaboratively.Narwhal and Bullshark originate from two papers: Narwhal & Tusk and Bullshark.

Narwhal & Tusk heuristically separates transaction propagation and transaction ordering in traditional Byzantine fault-tolerant consensus algorithms. This separation allows validators to linearly scale, enhancing network throughput and reducing latency. It also improves scalability by abstracting the consensus protocol, leading to Narwhal's integration with other consensus algorithms like Narwhal-Hotstuff mentioned in the papers.

Narwhal abstracts the entire validator network into a DAG mempool, shielding users from the implementation details of node propagation and communication. It generates vertices or batches of transactions in the DAG based on requests from the transaction client. Tusk, an internal consensus protocol within the Narwhal component, is activated in Sui's implementation if no external consensus protocol is specified. After Narwhal generates vertices for several rounds, a leader is randomly selected from several primaries using a Random Shared Coin distributed cryptographic mechanism to commit the leader's vertices for that round.

Bullshark is an enhanced version of Tusk that improves fairness and ensures that all transactions from honest nodes in a synchronous network model are included in the blockchain, while also reducing latency.

WABA optimizes and implements the Narwhal & Bullshark consensus algorithm from Sui to align with its network architecture and balance throughput, security, and decentralization requirements.